Burrell: 'I wanted to carry on my rugby career'
Important note: This piece includes descriptions of racially offensive comments and behaviour
Ex-England player Luther Burrell claims that going public to reveal racism in professional rugby brought his career to an early end.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell described racism as being "rife" in the sport, showing Whatsapp messages and remembering training ground "jokes" he had been subject to while playing for Newcastle.
At that time 34 and without a team, Burrell's only elite playing since has been three appearances with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I have absolutely had to end my career because of what happened," he explained to reporters.
"I really wanted to continue playing, of course I did. I pursued that, and it collapsed when news came out that there were investigations going on.
"That was difficult - I had to just come to terms with the outcome and accept that this whole process is a lot bigger than me."
A rugby governing body report in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were true "likely correct", but stated it could not gather sufficient evidence to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's international games in 2014-15, but was controversially overlooked for their team for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell revealed to journalists he also faced prejudice within the England set-up, during a Test career that saw him win 15 caps after his first game in 2014.
"I've had several distressing experiences within the national team," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become normalised in team environments, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been dressed up as banter and that's been the issue that I've myself experienced and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a extended period you just begin to believe that it's the standard and that is fine and that it's not harmful, but that's nonsense."
Burrell says he was finally spurred to go public after a team-mate at Newcastle referred to him as a "enslaved person" and told him to put sun cream on his arms and legs "where your shackles were."
The rugby authority said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the culture within the professional level and to the implementation of an strategy for the professional game."
"We has given significant attention on diversity and inclusion in rugby union and a great deal of work completed both before and since Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his encounters of racism and class discrimination," it added.
"The organization are continuing work with clubs and stakeholders in the elite level to strive for a environment of inclusivity but acknowledge this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
All Premiership and PWR club now has face-to-face education on creating inclusive cultures, with its success tracked via specific documentation and feedback.
All England players, including youth squads, are trained in being "engaged observers" to step in and protect others from damaging behaviour.
"You be so pleased of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the film Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"We know it has had this impact on you and ended your playing days, but in our view, you have achieved so well. We are so proud of you and to have you as a family member."
Burrell's father Geoff passed away shortly after the production of the documentary, and his sibling passed away recently.
Burrell, who grew up on a council estate in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the sport more accessible.
His charitable organization works to reach young people in disadvantaged communities and support them succeed on and off the field with free sports coaching, mentoring and dietary education.
"My personal intentions are pure, I want to see the progress of the game and if nobody else is prepared to tell their experience then I'll persist to fight that fight because I'm not just doing this for myself," he said.
"Everyone involved have an responsibility to make the game as great as it can be and the more I talk about it hopefully the more confident others will become about sharing their own stories as well.
"I grab the challenge by the opportunity and continue carrying this banner and continue carrying this weight and do what I can to develop possibilities and make the game more attractive and more inclusive.
"There are a lot of disadvantaged children and a lot of economic hardship and I sincerely believe that rugby has the ability to change their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in late 2022